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Peter Martyr d'Anghiera ((ラテン語:Petrus Martyr Anglerius) or ''ab Angleria''; (イタリア語:Pietro Martire d'Anghiera); (スペイン語:Pedro Mártir de Anglería); 2 February 1457 – October 1526), formerly known in English as Peter Martyr of Angleria,〔D'Anghiera, Peter Martyr. ''De Orbo Novo'' . Trans. Richard Eden as (''The decades of the newe worlde or west India conteynyng the nauigations and conquestes of the Spanyardes with the particular description of the moste ryche and large landes and Ilands lately founde in the west Ocean perteynyng to the inheritaunce of the kinges of Spayne'', , §3. ) William Powell (London), 1555.〕 was an Italian-born historian of Spain and its discoveries during the Age of Exploration. He wrote the first accounts of explorations in Central and South America in a series of letters and reports, grouped in the original Latin publications of 1511 to 1530 into sets of ten chapters called "decades." His ''Decades'' are of great value in the history of geography and discovery. His ''De Orbe Novo'' (On the New World, 1530) describes the first contacts of Europeans and Native Americans, Native American civilizations in the Caribbean and North America, as well as Mesoamerica, and includes, for example, the first European reference to India rubber. It was first translated into English in 1555, and in a fuller version in 1912. ==Life== Martyr was born February 2, 1457 at Lake Maggiore in Arona in Piedmont and later named for the nearby city of Angera. He studied under Juan Borromeo, then the count of Arona. He went to Rome at the age of twenty, and met important men in the hierarchy of the Catholic Church. After meeting the Spanish ambassador in Rome, Martyr accompanied him to Zaragoza in August 1487. Martyr soon became a notable figure among the humanists of Spain. In 1488 he lectured in Salamanca on the invitation of the university. The new learning was supported by highly placed patrons in the society. Martyr would become chaplain to the court of Ferdinand and Isabella. After 1492, Martyr's chief task was the education of young nobles at the Spanish court. In 1501 he was sent to Egypt on a diplomatic mission to dissuade the Sultan from taking vengeance on the Christians in Egypt and Palestine for the defeat of the Moors in Spain. He described his voyage through Egypt in the ''Legatio Babylonica,'' which was published in the 1511 edition of his ''Decades''. Following the success of this mission, he received the title of ''maestro de los caballeros'' (master of knights). In 1520 Martyr was given the post of chronicler (''cronista'') in the newly formed Council of the Indies, commissioned by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor to describe what was occurring in the explorations of the New World. In 1523 Charles gave him the title of Count Palatine, and in 1524 called him once more into the Council of the Indies. Martyr was invested by Pope Clement VII, as proposed by Charles V, as Abbot of Jamaica. Although Martyr never visited the island, as abbot he directed construction of the first stone church there. He died in Granada in 1526. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Peter Martyr d'Anghiera」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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